Historical Essays — Story, Setting & Ideas

The Historian's Craft and Its Tensions

Rhodes treats historical writing as a discipline that demands both rigorous method and literary skill. In his essay on the profession, he argues that the historian must balance impartiality with the need to construct a coherent narrative. He illustrates this tension through examples: the Civil War general Jacob D. Cox, whose military reports are cited alongside his private letters, shows how official accounts can obscure personal motives. Rhodes also examines the problem of repetition across his own essays, acknowledging that ideas recur because each piece was composed for a separate occasion. This self-awareness about the constraints of occasional writing gives the collection an unusual candor about the gap between ideal historical practice and the compromises of real publication.

Biography as Historical Evidence

The biographical essays in this volume serve not merely as tributes but as case studies in how a life can illuminate broader historical currents. Rhodes's portrait of Edward L. Pierce, for instance, dwells on Pierce's service in the Massachusetts legislature at age sixty-eight, quoting his remark that he would rather be moderator of the Milton town-meeting than hold any federal office. This detail reveals Rhodes's interest in local attachment as a form of civic virtue. Similarly, the sketch of Jacob D. Cox uses his opposition to negro suffrage in 1865—expressed in a letter to Oberlin friends—to show how Reconstruction-era divisions cut across party lines. Rhodes does not resolve these contradictions but presents them as evidence of the complexity that biography can capture.

Newspapers and the Problem of Reliability

One essay directly addresses newspapers as historical sources, a topic that Rhodes approaches with caution. He notes that journalists often write under pressure and with partial information, yet he argues that their accounts remain indispensable for reconstructing public sentiment. The essay on Samuel Rawson Gardiner praises that historian's use of printed pamphlets and newsbooks for seventeenth-century English history, suggesting a model for handling ephemeral sources. Rhodes's own practice in the Cox essay—where he cites a newspaper report of a private conversation alongside official correspondence—demonstrates his method of cross-checking. He does not claim that newspapers are transparent windows onto the past, but rather that they require the same critical scrutiny as any other document.

Readers approaching this collection will find that Rhodes's essays reward attention to his method of juxtaposing sources. He rarely states a thesis outright; instead, he lets quotations and narrative details accumulate. The volume is best read not as a set of finished judgments but as a demonstration of how a working historian assembles evidence, acknowledges its limits, and still ventures interpretation. Those interested in the craft of history will find here a practitioner's reflections, grounded in specific cases rather than abstract theory.