Memoir, Correspondence, and Miscellanies, From the Papers of Thomas Jefferson, Volume 2 — A Reader’s Guide

Diplomatic Correspondence and Foreign Affairs

The bulk of this volume consists of letters to and from American diplomats, foreign ministers, and U.S. officials. Jefferson writes frequently to John Jay, then Secretary of Foreign Affairs, updating him on treaties, trade disputes, and the threat of war. In a letter of August 11, 1786, he expresses concern that Britain will find 'subjects of provocation' in the Franco-American treaty. He also corresponds with John Adams, James Madison, and others, offering detailed analyses of European politics. The letters reveal Jefferson's strategic thinking and his efforts to navigate the complex alliances of the period.

Personal Observations and Character Sketches

Interspersed with official business are personal letters that reveal Jefferson's character and his views on society. In a letter to James Madison on October 8, 1787, he introduces the Count de Moustier, describing him as 'a great enemy to formality, etiquette, ostentation, and luxury.' He also warmly recommends Madame de Brehan, calling her 'goodness itself.' These sketches show Jefferson's ability to assess character and his appreciation for sincerity. He even includes practical advice on how to open a watch, demonstrating his attention to detail.

The Structure of the Volume

The volume is organized chronologically, with letters numbered and dated. The table of contents lists 103 letters, but the text includes many more, extending into 1789. The letters vary in length from brief notes to lengthy dispatches. The editor, Thomas Jefferson Randolph, has arranged them without commentary, allowing Jefferson's voice to dominate. The reader moves from one topic to another—trade negotiations, personal introductions, scientific inquiries—mirroring the breadth of Jefferson's interests.

Reading the Excerpts as a First-Time Reader

The excerpts provided offer a glimpse into Jefferson's world but are incomplete. The early letters establish his diplomatic role, while later ones show his personal side. The reader should note the shift in tone between official and private correspondence. The volume's length (over 224,000 words) means that the excerpts represent only a fraction of the content. A first-time reader should focus on the recurring themes of American independence, European alliances, and Jefferson's evolving political philosophy, while recognizing that the full text contains many more voices and issues.

This volume is best approached as a primary source for understanding Jefferson's mind during a critical period of his career. The letters are not polished memoirs but immediate responses to events, revealing his priorities and prejudices. Readers interested in the founding era will find rich material, but should be prepared for the density and occasional repetition of diplomatic correspondence. The editor's minimal intervention allows Jefferson to speak directly, making this an invaluable resource for scholars.